Psychological Explanations of Criminal Behaviour

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Types of crime committed by Criminals

On daily basis different criminal cases are handled by criminal courts. Continuously the criminal cases are increasing around world and there are some actions are need to be taken in order to reduce the crime rate in country and international level. In some cases legal authorities involves Psychiatrists in case to better understand the criminal behaviour of the person. The role of psychology is important to understand the mentality of person who is committing crime on the frequent basis. There are different psychological theories that can be used to understand the behaviour of person to understand the case properly. A criminal offence can be consider as any kind of antisocial act and these acts are generally illegal in perspective of court. These psychological theories can be used to set some standards in legal procedures to develop better legal system in country. There are different act are consider as personal crime which are committed by person in influence of something or someone. An act of individual in which a person psychologically or physically harms another person, is considered as personal crime (Altintas and Bilici, 2018). This personal crimes are considered in two categories which are homicides and violent crimes. When a person harms other person and that harm is severe enough to cause death then the person is charged with different level of criminal charges. For example in homicides crimes, criminals are charged with first degree murder, vehicular homicide or voluntary manslaughter.

The other category of personal crime is violent crimes that includes- arson, assault and battery, child abuse, domestic abuse, kidnapping, rape and statutory. Assault and battery is considered as the intentional act cause other person in apprehension of immediate harm. The purpose of this activity is to cause fear in other person. This activity can not be consider as accident. The mind set of person in this situation can be analysed to implement different practices that can reduce the cases like this. The battery is completely different from assault. In case of battery those conditions are considered which are including offensive touching other people without their consent. Battery is actually considered as act of harming other (Mohler and Earls, 2018). The offensive touching is required enough to charge a person with charges of battery.

The case of arson is defined as the condition where the person wilfully and maliciously burn the property of other person. This is considered as violent crime and considered as felony. Child abuse is also considered as personal crime. There are many adverse things can influence a person to commit such crime as child abuse in which they commit harm against child. The potential abusers in most of the cases are relative, parents, caretaker and coaches of child. This is considered as one of the most awful act in personal crime. Cause of different issues people act violently I their house and this leads to domestic violence. Both men and women could be victim in this scenario. In domestic violence activities are like threatening and harming family behind closed doors. Kidnapping is also a serious crime that is considered as personal crime. The purposes of these cases are different. Some times these cases occur due to monetary issue and sometimes that issues behind this are related to mental illness and revenge. Rape is a crime that s considered as unwanted sexual intercourse which is accomplished with force and threatening. These are some cases which are mainly considered as act of violence that are influenced by different internal and external factors.

Psychiatric Reasons of Criminal Behaviour

Most of time the crime committed by a person is cause of different factors that are related to the personal, professional and social life. These are main factor which are need to be studied to explain the criminal behaviour of individual person. This is important for the medical and legal authorities to analyse this factors in order to find the impact of these factor on individual person who has committed a crime (Saxena, Grella and Messina, 2016). By knowing the personal, professional and social background they can find the possible reason that influenced the person to commit a crime.

There are many individual factors which are most influential in the decision making of an person. The actions that are faced by an individual person are most influential for their psychological behaviour. This action affect the physical and mental situation of individual person. There are different things are performed by people on different level. The activity performed by person leaves major impact on their personal life. Some of those unusual things affect the psychological behaviour of person. By understanding the mental condition of a person their acts can be easily understood. There are different conditions are faced by people in their lifetime and these activities or accidents have crucial impact on their psychological behaviour in rest of their life. There are different conditions that have major impact on the psychology of individual person.

Adverse Childhood Experience

As per some theories the impact of childhood experience is huge on their mind set and personal behaviour. Most of people are raised in the conditions which are ideal and do not have any troubles. This this not possible for children to select a way to grow in society. Most of people raised in ideal condition which make them enough positive and mentally stable but there are some people who are raised in the adverse condition which are not good for their future development. These problems that are faced by children while they are raised in bad condition have increased risk of criminal behaviour. The risk of criminal risk in this people is also high in adulthood. Many researches are conducted by people in this situation and result of all these is nearly similar to other researches (Declercq, Carter and Neumann, 2015). The people who have adverse childhood have four time more risk of becoming criminal form those children who were raised in the normal condition. There are some situations which are adverse for children are mainly measured in 10 different categories. These categories are abuse, neglect, households adversity, there are mainly three type of abusive condition that have negative impact on individual child in future and it might lead them to criminal behaviour. Physical, verbal and sexual abuse are three main abusive conditions that can affect the psychology and mental condition of children. For example physical abuse, verbal and sexual abuse has major impact on individual child. The most critical condition for children in their childhood is to face abuse which they an not report to other people. In this conditions people feel embarrassed, guilty and ashamed in this situation.

Some of the children report this acts to other people but they do not consider their reports. It has negative impact on both physical and mental health of people. The sexual abuse is considered as the act where the children are used for sexual purpose (Hennessy, 2018). This is mostly considered as assaultive behaviour that affect children negatively. The main negative impact of abuse to a children are- it reduce the tendency of child to trust other people. It reduces their self esteem, this can cause different type of negative feeling in their mind, it can force them to perform risky activity, it can cause frequent anger behaviour in child. This anger and tendency to not to trust other can lead the child to criminal activity. This is how abusive conditions faced by children can affect their mental stability and make them active in criminal activities. There are also some other problems that can lead the person towards the criminal activity. This acts are associated with physical and emotional neglecting (de Vogel and Lancel, 2016). This neglecting behaviour reduce the confidence of children and force them to act angry frequently. There are also some abusive cases are their that can be adverse for child. Fr example mental illness, incarcerated relatives, domestic violence, parental separation and substance abuse in children. From these case most adverse impact is caused by parental separation and substance abuse. This is how the impact of childhood can develop tendency in children to commit illegal and criminal activities.

Negative Social Environment

Apart form the childhood experience there are some other factors that can affect the personal behaviour of individual person. As the human is a social animal and it is their behaviour to live in society. There is huge impact of social life on behaviour of person. The society is place where the growth of children occur. They learn different things in the society. The society plays important role in the development of child. There are different activities are followed by different people in society and people have tendency to learn new things this can cause both positive and negative impact on the personality of person. The negative things in social groups can develop the person as criminal (Nurnberger, Berrettini and Niculescu, 2016). There are different things encourage the person to commit crime. Poverty and hunger force the person to perform criminal activities. There are some social and environmental factors that can affect the criminal behaviour of a particular person. The main factor that are associated with the criminal behaviour person. The education level of people, socialization in society, unemployment and some other factor have negative impact on the behaviour of individual person. Low education level of person make them less attentive and less aware of consequences of committing a crime. The conditions like discrimination on the basis of race, age, education level, political views, personal opinion and gender lead the person to perform different activities. This discrimination can affect the personal values of person (Anderson, Cesur and Tekin, 2015). This ignorance and intolerance behaviour can affect the mentality of person and make the, to commit different crimes.

There are some psychiatric theories are there which are associated to the crimenal behaviour of people. These theories are concerned with the acts that are responsible to make a person criminal and force them to commit criminal activities. Some of main psychiatric theories are-

Rational Choice Theory

There are different choices are made by people in their daily life. The is decisions are associated with their personal interests. According to this theory the behaviour and decision making of individual person is based on the rational calculations that is associated with the personal interest of people. The actions that are performed by people are result oriented. To full fill their personal needs people aligned their objectives and target to achieve them effectively. This theory is directly related to the criminal behaviour of people (Caruso, 2016). As per this theory it can be said that to achieve personal goals people might select wrong and easy way to full fill their needs. For example stealing, killing, kidnapping and threatening are some criminal activities that can provide easy money to people. So, they select these offensive action to live lavish lifestyle and meet their desires.

There are some merits of this theory which are efficiently providing the brief of adverse and offensive decision made by people (Proctor, Hoffmann and Raggio, 2019). As per this theory this is common behaviour of people to select most efficient way to gain profit and this is justifying the acts of criminal. As the acts which are offensive and performed by people intentionally to get faster results.

Some of the main demerits of this theory are associated with its limitation. This theory is not effective to provide better analysis of reason of criminal act that is performed by a person. It only provides the data which could be possible reason of criminal activity done by a person. Foe the criminal minded people is it difficult to find correct reasons that are causing offensive issues to people (Anderson, 2019). This model is more focused on the long term impact of particular action by do not allow getting immediate data for particular action. It can con be used to understand complete mindset of person.

Biological Theory of Crime

This theory is completely different form other theories which are providing different reason which are responsible to become a criminal. But according to this theory. People who are committing criminal activities are “born criminal“. These people can be differentiated from non criminal people by physiological differences. Due to some physical and mental disability people do not have control on their own actions which are offensive and ethically or legally not right. This is tendency of criminals that they do not have control over their actions. This theory explains the physical basis for human and animal behaviour (Matejkowski, Conrad and Ostermann, 2017). The basic concept of these theory is about the physical structure and attributes of body. For example immune system, brain structure, nervous system and genetics are considered to analyse the criminal behaviour of person.

There are different features of these theories which are- This theory is based on the physical evidence of human body that is responsible for the criminal or offensive behaviour of individual person. The main advantages of this theory are- biological theory of criminal theory is scientifically correct and provide different proofs of impact of physical structure on the criminal activity of people. The assets that are used to measured in this theory ca be evaluated again and again to find more accurate result.

The demerits of there theory are- it is too much focused on the physical and scientific reasons for the criminal activities of person. But there are some other factors are also associated with the reasons of criminal acts (Hagan and Daigle, 2018). There are some genetic disorders are there which cannot be taken as reasons for criminal acts of people. The concepts that are used in this theory are not constant for all people and physical structure is not enough to justify the offensive act of an person.

Twin studies and crime

It is already proved that the genetics factors are mainly responsible for the criminal behaviour of individual person. These factor ar mainly comes from three different sources which are- Family, Twins and Adoption studies (Warburton and Stahl, 2015). As pre this theory two identical twins are analysed for the criminal behaviour. Both are identical and these study is based on the genetic code of those twins. This study is performed to analyse the role of environment and family in the criminal behaviour of people. There are some limitations of this theory because this is only limited to the study of the people who are identical twins and have similar characteristics. This is not applicable for the people who are alone child of their parents.

Brain Chemistry

The brain chemistry is a theory which is related to the chemical characteristics of human mind. In human brain serotonin is a neurotransmitter that is responsible for the changes in the mood of individual person. Role of this neurotransmitter can be consider important in the study of the criminal mind of people (Long, Fitzgerald, and Hollin, 2015). This can affect the mind set of people and can encourage them to perform criminal acts. For example in males Testosterone hormone is related to the aggression and omega 3 is responsible for the lower level of aggression in people. In this concept the criminal behaviour of people is associated with the level of nutrition of people. According to this theory the eating habits are responsible for chemical reactions in brain and that can lead to development of criminal behaviour.

Strain Theory

This is one of the most insightful psychological concepts related to a person’s criminal behavior. Individuals have various desires, such as material goods, a better lifestyle, and education. When they cannot find a legitimate way to fulfill these needs, it can negatively affect their motivation levels. This demotivation makes them feel disheartened (Huggins, 2017). As soon as they discover an easy way to satisfy these desires, they may be drawn to negative behaviors and engage in criminal acts. Tools like a thesis statement generator can help in crafting strong arguments related to such psychological concepts.

CONCLUSION

This report concludes by examining the various reasons that can lead a person to commit a criminal offense. Different theories have been explored to evaluate human behavior, and numerous factors associated with criminal behavior have been analyzed. The impact of these factors on an individual's mindset has been thoroughly studied. The report also investigates the conditions that contribute to criminal tendencies. Furthermore, the scientific concepts of criminal mindset theory have been evaluated to understand the influence of physical structure on a person’s behavior. For further assistance in understanding such theories, students can seek assignment help US.

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