Understanding Physical Health Condtions

Understanding of Angina

In the provided case study, a 75-year-old man named Fred resides in a privately owned bungalow following his retirement from a railway job. To enhance his daily life, Fred frequents a pub three times a week to socialize with his friends. He has a passion for food and embraces the philosophy of enjoying life to the fullest by fulfilling all his desires. However, this lifestyle has led to him developing a condition known as Angina, which is a type of heart problem. For those studying related health issues or needing support with deeper analysis, seeking thesis writing help can be beneficial.

Angina- This is not a disease but it’s just a sign of coronary artery problem in which person face normal hear issues such as; tightness, pain or discomfort in their chest. However, major reason behind occurrence of this problem is due to improper passing or minimum blood oxygen in chest. Basically, pain of angina means that, some of the muscles associated with heart is not able acquire enough blood which specifically occurred during exercise when heart is working very harder. Sometime people get confused about the actual problem which occurred due to angina such as; few think that it is a stroke but angina is a state where there is a permanent damage of heart muscle (Jespersen and et. Al., 2011). Mainly, if an individual is suffering from Angina then this will consider as one of the major indicator of heart problem. In fact, there are various types of Angina is available which is described as follows-

• Stable or chronic Angina- In this problem, heart of normal human being work more harder as compared to normal one such as; it happens during exercise. Mainly, this is having a regular pattern that can be predicted for happening in months or sometime in a year. Hence, person requisite to do proper rest or take medication relieves for controlling this situation.
• Unstable angina- This problem to a person incurred while doing rest and consider as more serious because rest or medication get failed in resolving this instability. However, this version is also seen as a signal of future heart attack in a minimum time period might be hours or weeks.
• Variant and micro vascular angina- This type of angina is very rare and incurred during rest period without any underlying coronary artery disease. Main reason behind occurrence of this problem is because of abnormal narrowing or relaxation of blood vessels of human beings as well as reduces flow of blood in a heart. Therefore, medicine is only solution for getting free from this issue (Kikuchi and et. Al., 2010).

Hence, it has been understood that angina is having various types from which every problem is having distinct reason behind occurrence but somehow symptoms of Angina is almost same. Therefore, some of the most under-stable symptom of this disease is described below-

• Squeezing
• Pressure
• Heaviness
• Tightening
• Burning or paining across the chest which mainly begins behind the breastbone.

Meanwhile, pain in this disease spreads from neck, jaw, arms, shoulders, back or even teeth of a person. Apart from above signs, some of patients also face few other which includes-

• Indigestion problem.
• Burning of heart
• Weakness in entire body.
• Sweating
• Nausea
• Cramping of muscles
• Shortness of breath.

It means, small angina can create major problem for normal human being which may convert into serious heart issue that automatically affects the life of a person. In fact, an individual face problem while doing their day to day job as well as feel very much low which act as an obstacle in healthy well-being of a normal person. Therefore, it is essential to take corrective decision for controlling dangerous disease as well as needs to change regular routine for managing this health issue. However, it’s not a life threatening but somehow it’s an initial process and also consider as warning sign which shows that person is at a risk of a heart attack or major stroke. Angina stay for almost 30 minutes which mainly doesn’t relived from taking rest or medicine. Additionally, might get worse in coming time period and shows that heart attack or stroke might incurred very soon (Hoenig, Aroney and Scott, 2010).

Major causes of Angina- This is an outcome of underlying coronary artery disease. However, main objective of coronary arteries is to supply oxygen rich blood to the heart. At the time of cholesterol aggregates on artery wall and hard plaques form the artery narrows (Greenhalgh and et. Al., 2010). It means-

• Due to narrowing of arteries, reaching of oxygen-rich blood becomes very difficult towards heart muscle.
• Damaging of arteries because of various factors such as smoking and increased levels of fat or sugar in blood creates plaques which build up where arteries of heart get damaged.
• Moreover, plaques are the major reason for narrowing the arteries or may break off as well as form a clotting of blood which resulted in blockage of arteries.

Consequently, it has been understood that actual angina attacks are the outcomes of reducing supply of oxygen in the heart. Some of the common triggers of this issue covers distinct elements such as; -

• Physical exertion
• Major emotional stress or tension.
• Heavy meal or having foods.
• Exposure to extreme temperatures.
• Smoking is one of the major reason behind angina attacks.

It means, distinct reasons are there due to which various types of angina attacks the body of human being. For example; unstable angina is caused because of blood clotting which resulted in partially or completely blockage of an artery. Although, larger clots is resultant into serious heart attacks because clots are forming, dissolving and then forming again which makes angina in every blockage (Goldstein and Chawla, 2010). On contrary to this, variant angina incurred when artery experiencing a spasm which causes the tightening and narrowing as well as disrupting the supply of blood in heart. Basically, this will caused due to exposure of cold, stress, medicines, smoking and usage of cocaine. Additionally, members who are in a risk of coronary arteries and also risk of angina that also increase because there are interlinked with each other. Some of the major risk factors includes-

• Unhealthy levels of cholesterol
• High blood pressure
• Smoking of tobacco.
• Diabetes
• Oversized or being an overweight person.
• Sedentary lifestyle.
• Family history on heart disease.

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Medical interventions used in treatment of Angina

According to given case study of Fred is a person who gets affected by Angina problem who is 75 year old men and retired from all his professional duties but her wife is still working for a part time in a local supermarket for enjoying social contact. Because of retirement, Fred is enjoying his life on his pension such as; smoker from last 30 years which is still continue, still having glass of whisky in every night as well as trip to pub three times in a single week. Along with this, he loves to eat due to which his weight is increasing on regular basis. As a result, he gets affected or diagnosed with cardio-vascular disease due to that there is a symptom of angina also. Hence, for controlling the risk of heart problem, Mary and Fred needs to change their day to day routine for taking proper care by managing things in better manner. In fact, self-care management automatically helps an individual for getting rid from major health problems. Moreover, proper management also supports them in long term benefits as it helps in reducing probabilities of emerging other health disease also. Although, Fred and Mary are aged people due to which attack of disease are normal but still various specialist states that proper management helps in controlling the danger. Along with this, it aids in increasing the healthy life of senior citizens also by following healthy routine (Marinescu and et. Al., 2015).

An appropriate diagnosis is very much indispensable for preventing the patient from heavy attacks and control angina. Initially, procedure begins with a physical exam and by discussing symptoms, risk elements and medical history of family. General practitioner or physician who knows about the angina ordered some of the major tests that is detailed as follows-

• Electrocardiogram (EKG)- Helps in recording electrical activity of heart and aids in detecting heart when it is starved of oxygen.
• Stress test – Readings of blood pressure and EKG at that time when a patient is maximizing his physical activity.
• Chest X-ray- This test helps doctor to analyse the structures within the chest.
• Coronary angiography- Dye and some unique x-rays which are used for highlighting within the coronary arteries.
• Blood tests- It helps in analysing fat, cholesterol level of a person, sugar and various protein levels.
• Nuclear stress test- By doing this, doctor comes to know about the measure of blood flow in your heart during rest or while stress time period. However, it is same as routine test but in nuclear test, a radioactive substance is going to injected into your bloodstream (Bowling, Reeves and Rowe, 2012).
• Coronary angiography- By using X-ray examination within the heart blood vessels will be done. It’s a section of general group of process consider as cardiac catheterization.
• CT scan- In this procedure, a person will be lie on table within a doughnut shaped machine. X-ray tube which is attached within the machine will rotates around the body and acquire images of heart and chest as well which aids in showing narrowing of heart arteries and enlargement of heart.

By doing all these tests, doctor prescribe some of the necessary medicines which is used for improving the cardio-vascular or angina problem. For example; aspirin which helps in reducing the ability of blood to make clot as well as aids in making easier for blood to flow throughout the heart arteries. Secondly; nitrates that supports in widening of blood vessels and allowed maximum blood to flow around the heart muscle. Thirdly, beta blockers use for blocking the effects of hormone epinephrine which is consider as adrenaline. Statins used for lowering the blood cholesterol. Apart from all these medicines there are few other prescriptions are also present which are used by doctor for controlling the probabilities of heart problems (Diercks and et. Al., 2010).

On the other hand, Fred is enjoying very unhealthy life due to which he gets affected by this problem. Instead of all this, Fred angina can also defend by changing him normal lifestyle to healthier one as well as by treating with related conditions that may be exacerbate. Along with this, delaying angina occurs by eating healthfully, quit smoking, he needs to be more physically active and requisite for him to get aware about the way of handling stress (Henry, Satran and Jolicoeur, 2014). Therefore, he needs to change his lifestyle and way of living for getting rid from major heart problems or stroke. Some of the change which is requisite in Fred lifestyle is discussed as follows-

• He needs to stop smoking as well as requisite to avoid exposure towards second-hand smoke.
• He became overweight because of too many foods which are unhealthy in nature which automatically cause heart issue. Therefore, he has to control his weight by eating healthy diet and requires contacting his general practitioner for knowing about the technique of losing weight.
• He needs to have only healthy foods which are having limited amounts of saturated fat, lots of whole grains as well as prefer fruits and vegetables.
• Involved with doctor in a healthy conversation and learn about the technique of starting a safe exercise.
• Exertion is also one of the major reasons behind angina, due to which Fred and Mary needs to make sure that they take rest breaks for controlling the probabilities of heart problem.
• If there is any other disease due to which there might be a chance of incurring angina then treat the prior problem first. For example; if there is a symptom of diabetes in Fred then he needs to control this first.
• Avoid taking stress but if you are getting failed in doing so than identify other ways of relaxation such as; Fred is now retired then he have the opportunity of reading books, gardening is another best medicine for minimizing stress and various other natural activities (Andrell and et. Al., 2010).
• Fred must have to minimize his consumption of whisky which is really not good for his health.
• Contacting with friends is not bad but still he has to control it by three times in week to only one time because it creates exertion which is not good for his health.
• Laughter is a best therapy for any disease. It means by avoiding going in pub he needs to join a laughter groups for reducing stress level.

Additionally, Fred have to design suitable or proper routine for his regular life in order to follow each or every steps in suitable manner. As this will help him in attaining long term target also as well as get succeeded in living more happy life. Thus, daily routine which is requisite for Fred is discussed as follows-

This above routine will help Fred in removing angina problem and help in living a healthy or disease free life. Along with this, this will help for long term as provide stress free life.

CONCLUSION

From the above report, it has been concluded that development or caring of health is really indispensable in order to live a disease free life. This will happen only if a person will follow an appropriate routine or have healthy diet. Therefore, whole project is focussing the method of control heart problem or stroke which is affected by one aged person. Throughout the analysis, it has been understood that proper care and management is very much essential for live a healthy and successful life.

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